With reference to the booming Cloud Market [refer to some of my videos/blogs] and the Conversions to Cloud by different business organizations; Globally millions of IT professionals were mandated to learn the Cloud technologies to sustain their jobs in IT.
When we talk about these converted IT Professionals, they were forced to move into Cloud due to the sustainability of their job.
At the same time their employers are also enforced by their management to accelerate the cost savings for IT infra.
So how they do the planning for Cloud ?
On top there can be a CTO/CIO plans it to convert into Cloud. And they have the complete knowledge of the infrastructure with reference to their technology being used for business systems.
There will be Cloud Architects, they are responsible to create the Cloud implementation design.
Then the plan and the design is released to the Cloud engineers by allocating the tasks.
In between due to lack of [turn around] time, the Cloud engineers are pressured to create the environments. Here everybody can find one point, the management did not plan the knowledge transfer perfectly to the low level people. Then they can create many costly defects as per their knowledge and experience. So there is no ‘uniformity was followed’ in this case. It need not be a cost effective solution the Cloud Architects or Cloud Engineers have done. And there was no review also done. Once the monthly Cloud bill is arrived they will realize on it. Then they can realize the costly burning/bill happened by comparing to their planned cost saving on Infra. So this way they are enforced to track the resources who created these costly defects.
The following picture has got this kind of analysis. And what are the basic reasons the Architects and Engineers are not able to understand the domain conversion scenarios, when the management plans and release it for implementation.
Here we need to remember, every IT Professional need to realize that one fine day the current size of the resources will not be there in any project due to Cloud and the automation implementation is happening.
So the self matured professional need to realize where they are lacking and step down to learn those from experts, on war footing basis to prove and safeguard their jobs in IT.

You can watch the discussion from:
5. Cloud Defects:What could be the Reasons for traditional networks design defects – towards conversion into VPC ? [A video Discussion]
3. Cloud Defects:What kind of defects/extra work can be created without bootstrapping or IAC followed ?
2. Cloud Defects:What kind of defects can be created without session management in ELB/Cloud ?
4. Cloud Defects:What could be the reasons for Costly defects ? [A video Discussion]
If you want to learn the details, I have discussed in the below video with the relevant coaching on AWS-SAA course also.
https://business.facebook.com/vskumarcloud/videos/642868796242922/
Also go through the below blog to know the Cloud and DevOps Roles:
https://vskumar.blog/2018/12/30/how-a-cloud-architect-is-different-from-devops-role/
To know the real practices lacking and the root causes towards creating these costly defects, visit the below video based blog. It can show the ways to improve your Cloud projects ROI.
https://vskumar.blog/2019/10/30/4-cloud-defectswhat-could-be-the-reasons-for-costly-defects/
Also visit my video on How to Initiate Cloud Conversion with some best practices:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98zboBaXgoU&t=379s